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Petronella Oortman
Petronella Oortman (1656–1716) was a Dutch woman whose elaborate dollhouse is part of the permanent collection of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Her dollhouse was the inspiration for the 2014 novel ''The Miniaturist'' by Jessie Burton.
Petronella Oortman should not be confused with her close namesake Petronella Oortmans-de la Court (1624-1707), who as it happens was also the owner of a noted dollhouse now in the collection of the Centraal Museum, Utrecht.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/439465 )〕
==Biography==
Oortman was a wealthy widow by the time she married silk merchant Johannes Brandt,〔Broomhall and Spinks 110.〕 with whom she lived in the Warmoesstraat in Amsterdam.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Oortman )〕 Like other rich women in Amsterdam,〔Broomhall and Spinks 99.〕 she had a dollhouse built for her that she curated between 1686 and 1710, decorating it with expensive materials and miniatures. At that time gentlemen often possessed "cabinets of curiosities" to hold collections of various objects they had acquired in their lives and travels: indeed such a cabinet can be seen in the small reception room (which also doubled as a funeral parlour) at the bottom right of the dollhouse. In the Amsterdam of the Dutch Golden Age, their wealthy wives similarly created dollhouses as status symbols. The exact location of Oortman's house in the Warmooestraat is no longer known, and opinions differ as to how exact a copy the dollhouse would have been, but it would have represented Oortman's dreams and aspirations. Visitors to the household would be shown all the dollhouse's features in sessions that often lasted the entire evening.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/media/dutch-dollhouse/?ar_a=1 )〕
After Oortman's death, the dollhouse passed to her daughter Hendrina and thence to Hendrina's brother Jan after 1743. According to Hendrina, her mother lavished some Fl. 30,000 on the dollhouse, an enormous sum certainly sufficient to buy a canal house of the time. However, an inventory of Jan's estimated its value at just Fl. 700. By way of comparison, Petronella de la Court's dollhouse, for which 1,600 pieces of furniture and paintings and 28 fine dolls were commissioned, was sold in 1744 for Fl. 1,200.〔〔 Already celebrated in the 18th century, Oortman's dollhouse was bought by the state in 1821 and purchased by the Rijksmuseum in 1875.〔 A painting of the dollhouse was made in 1710 by Jacob Appel.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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